Îá°®³Ô¹Ï

My country:
Image of Crib Goch mountain with clouds and slate

Slate Landscape

Capitalising on the Slate Landscape UNESCO World Heritage Site and the development of sustainable and regenerative tourism in North West Wales.

This project was funded by the Îá°®³Ô¹Ï Impact and Innovation Award.

Developing sustainable tourism for future generations

The designation of the Slate Landscape in North Wales as a UNESCO World Heritage site has affirmed its cultural and historical uniqueness and boosted its touristic appeal. Aiming to identify the needs and perceptions for the future, we examined the younger generation’s views of sustainable tourism practices in the region. Our key recommendations reflect GenZ’s perceptions during 2023 and may be relevant for consideration by local authorities and other organisations associated with the tourism sector working within the Slate Landscape area.

  • Facilitate co-creation workshops to include young people and key stakeholders from public and private sector with the aim of discussing and developing creative ideas on site promotion, development, and opportunities.
  • Promote awareness among generation Z about funding support such as LleCHILleNI with the aim of developing and initiating project ideas and initiatives.
  • Conduct an audit of all projects/initiatives targeting generation Z that encourage their (1) participation in community initiatives through coaching and mentoring, (2) engagement in forums that focus on the socio-economic future of the Slate Landscape, and (3) skills/career development.  
  • Develop a communication strategy and a forum for young people to drive their community integration and build their awareness of opportunities/initiatives/events to operationalise the opportunities highlighted in the Gwynedd and Eryri Sustainable Visitor Economy Plan as related to this target group.
  • Support the younger generation to co-create and deliver sustainable activities that combine educational tourism with leisure, e.g. guided walks and rock climbing which showcases the area’s natural and cultural heritage. Current initiatives being offered by organisations such as Snowdonia-Active lack this co-creation and delivery element.
  • Explore the viability of using the slate caverns to host events for/by young people (e.g. festivals, competitive events etc.) linked to the site’s UNESCO status.
  • Evaluate, develop and measure online and on-site campaigns using social media to promote:
    • sustainable tourism by enhancing visitors’ awareness,
    • safe practices when hiking/climbing,
    • attractive and relevant signage around the sites.
  • Implement creative practices of place-making and environmental design that interpret and play with people’s sensory experiences, to enhance visitor experiences and engage communities with the wider context of the site (e.g., a sensory walking route with map and audio tour).
  • Explore IoT (Internet of Things) technologies to monitor engagement with specific areas for example, interactive maps.

The Îá°®³Ô¹Ï study combined expertise in place research, heritage, marketing, and sustainability to:

  1. Examine the younger generation’s perspective of the Slate Landscape of Northwest Wales’s status as a UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS). 
  2. Understand their views of sustainable tourism practices in the region.  

A mixed methods approach was adopted to engage young people (aged 18-25 years) who are indigenous to the area, combining one focus group and 20 interviews with a netnographic examination of online user engagement behaviour related to the slate landscape area on social media networks (Twitter, Instagram, TikTok and Google). 

Results highlight four key themes: pride in Welsh heritage, bonds of personal significance, uniqueness and attributes of the place, and community perceptions and global recognition. Exploration of these themes from collected discourse data plus sentiment analysis of extracted social media data enabled the identification of the above key recommendations.

The study demonstrates that the indigenous younger generation are proud of the slate landscape area and display a strong emotional attachment towards the place, its history, and their heritage. The participants were positive and celebratory about the site’s UNESCO status; but despite the perceived advantages including global recognition, they had mixed feelings about how the new status could affect sustainable tourism practices and visitor numbers, the local economy and the site’s unique communities. Our findings showed that young people are deeply engaged with the slate sites in terms of their historical knowledge and their enjoyment is based on leisure, fitness, and social activities. However, some felt that their voices are not always heard, and they had concerns about the lack of opportunities in a broadly rural and in some deprived places. User-generated content related to the slate landscape is also predominantly positive.

The Research Team

Principal Investigators

Profile picture of Sonya Hanna

Sonya Hanna

image of Dr Sara Parry

Sara Parry

Co-Investigators

Image of Thora-Tenbrink

Thora Tenbrink

Image of Hayley Roberts

Hayley Roberts

Image of Einir Young

Einir Young

a landscape image of the sea,mountain and a sunset

Leena Farhat

Staff Image Thalia

Thalia Eccleston

Heat Map

A Heat Map indicating popular places in the Slate Landscape area, based on social media analysis (‘tagged’ locations on Instagram).

Image of heat map

Popular ‘Slate Landscape’ keywords

Keyword/Search Term (More than 300 mentions on both Twitter and Instagram)

  • Blaenau Ffestiniog Quarry
  • Chwarel
  • Cwm pennant
  • Dinorwic slate quarry
  • Dinorwig quarry
  • Dyffryn Nantlle
  • Llanberis Quarry
  • Llechi Cymru
  • Llyn Padarn
  • Nantlle Ridge
  • Nantlle Valley
  • Penrhyn Quarry
  • Slate Landscape
  • Slate Mines of Wales
  • Slate Mining
  • Slate quarry
  • Snowdonia Slate Trail

Looking ahead/Future research ideas

  • Explore the local business community’s perceptions of the Slate Landscape and the extent to which it has boosted the local economy.
  • Examine the older generations’ perspective of the Slate Landscape area and its new World Heritage Status.
  • Compare the levels of place attachment towards the four UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Wales, along with their perceived successes by local communities and their impacts on tourism.

If you are interested in collaborating with us, please get in touch with Sara (s.parry@bangor.ac.uk) or Sonya (s.hanna@bangor.ac.uk)